2000 Surgeon General Report
3521 Volunteer Boulevard
Henderson, NV 89044
Here to help you find answers.
Here to help you find answers.
In a TEDxBoston talk, Stephen Thorne, PDS Health Founder and CEO, explored the growing body of science behind the Mouth-Body Connection® and explained why the future of healthcare depends on identifying disease earlier.
From the first Surgeon General’s report in 2000 to the latest findings in 2021, the call has been consistent. To improve health outcomes, oral health must be fully integrated into the broader healthcare system.
2000 Surgeon General Report
In 2000, the U.S. Surgeon General released a landmark report declaring that "oral health is essential to general health." This report highlighted the divide between dental and medical care.
2010 Surgeon General Report Update
The 2010 update emphasized that oral diseases remain prevalent and that many individuals face barriers to accessing care. The report called for enhanced integration of oral health into overall health strategies.
Oral Health in America: Advances and Challenges
The 2021 report called for stronger care coordination, expanded infrastructure and a renewed focus on prevention and education to address ongoing challenges.
Oral pathogens can enter the bloodstream and trigger immune responses throughout the body. This inflammatory cascade is linked to chronic conditions including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s, several cancers and complications in pregnancy. In fact, eight of the ten leading causes of death in the U.S. are linked to inflammation that can begin in the mouth.
Oral health impacts every system in the body.
To continue to increase awareness about oral-systemic health and the Mouth-Body Connection®, PDS Health works with a wide range of partners to advance research that highlights the benefit of integrated care.
Smile Generation connects patients to trusted dental providers committed to delivering advanced clinical care and an exceptional patient experience. Smile Generation practices regularly educate patients on the Mouth-Body Connection®.
The Santa Fe Group advocates for integrating oral health into Medicare. Their initiatives focus on equitable, community-driven, and evidence-based policy changes.
CareQuest Institute for Oral Health conducts research on oral-systemic health, health equity and value-based care, with a focus on underserved communities.
ADA Forsyth Institute is a leading research institute exploring the connections between oral health and overall well-being. The institute conducts groundbreaking studies on the mouth's role as a gateway to systemic health.
NACDD’s Medical-Dental Integration Task Force developed a national framework, including awareness, data sharing, interdisciplinary collaboration and sustainable payment models, to integrate oral health into chronic disease prevention.
The Mouth-Body Connection® is supported by a growing body of clinical and academic research. This evidence informs the work we do at PDS Health and guides how we partner with researchers, clinicians and organizations across healthcare.
Explore the research below to see how science is shaping the future of whole-person care.
Periodontitis as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BMC Oral Health | Alam et al | 2026
Periodontal Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms, Diagnostics, and Clinical Implications
Infection | Foroughi, Parang | 2026
How gum disease may raise heart disease risk
Harvard Health Publishing | 2026
Bacteria From Gum Disease May Cause Inflammation, Harden Heart Valves
American Heart Association | 2026
Exploring the shared genetic architecture between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease
BDJ Open | Jin | 2026
Oral microbiome diversity and all-cause mortality in hypertensive adults: findings from a nationally representative cohort
Journal of Oral Microbiology | Zhou et al | 2026
Childhood oral health is associated with the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in adulthood
International Journal of Cardiology | Nygaard | 2026
How Your Mouth Could Be Killing Your Heart
StudyFinds | Kerrigan | 2025
Cardiovascular Event Risk Increases More Sharply for Men Than Women at Very Low Average Blood Pressure
EpicResearch | Bartelt et al | 2025
Association between cardiovascular diseases and apical periodontitis: An umbrella review with stratification of evidence and sensitivity analysis
Journal of Dentistry | Telekar et al | 2025
Periodontal Disease and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Circulation | Tran et al | 2025
Gum disease may be linked to plaque buildup in arteries, higher risk of major CVD events
American Heart Association | 2025
Periodontitis treatment and progression of carotid intima-media thickness: a randomized trial
European Heart Journal | Orlandi et al | 2025
Atrial Translocation of Porphyromonas gingivalis Exacerbates Atrial Fibrosis and Atrial Fibrillation
Circulation | Miyauchi et al | 2025
Increased cardiovascular risk in people with type 2 diabetes and periodontitis: an analysis from a global real-world federated database
British Dental Journal | Essa et al | 2025
Oral microbiome diversity associates with carotid intima media thickness in middle-aged male subjects
Communications Magazine | Akhi et al | 2025
How Your Mouth Could Be Killing Your Heart
StudyFinds | Kerrigan | 2025
Cardiovascular Event Risk Increases More Sharply for Men Than Women at Very Low Average Blood Pressure
EpicResearch | Bartelt et al | 2025
Association between cardiovascular diseases and apical periodontitis: An umbrella review with stratification of evidence and sensitivity analysis
Journal of Dentistry | Telekar et al | 2025
Oral health and cardiovascular disease
American Journal of Medicine | Hopkins et al | 2024
Association between toothbrushing and cardiovascular risk factors: a cross-sectional study using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2017
BMC Oral Health | Moon et al | 2024
Oral health as a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases
Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine | Altamura et al | 2024
Association between periodontal disease and arteriosclerosis-related diseases
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis | Iwashita | 2023
Localized periodontitis severity associated with carotid intima-media thickness in young adults: CHIEF atherosclerosis study
Scientific Reports | Tsai et al | 2023
Hypertension and periodontitis: a joint report by the Italian Society of Hypertension (SIIA) and the Italian Society of Periodontology and Implantology (SIdP)
Oral Diseases | Del Pinto et al | 2023
Periodontopathic microbiota and atherosclerosis: roles of TLR-mediated inflammation response
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity | Zou et al | 2022
Periodontal disease measures and risk of incident peripheral artery disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Journal of Periodontology | Arsiwala et al | 2022
Meta-analysis of the association between periodontal disease, periodontal treatment and carotid intima-media thickness
Journal of Periodontal Research | Ding et al | 2022
Periodontal condition and ultrasound-based measures of arterial stiffness: results of the Health 2000 Survey
BMC Oral Health | Ollikainen et al | 2022
Periodontal therapy for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with periodontitis
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | Ye et al | 2022
Association between periodontal care and hospitalization with acute myocardial infarction
Journal of the American Dental Association | Nalliah et al | 2022
Role of periodontal infection, inflammation and immunity in atherosclerosis
Current Problems in Cardiology | Choi et al | 2021
Periodontitis, edentulism, and risk of mortality: a systematic review with meta-analyses
Journal of Dental Research | Romandini et al | 2021
Association between periodontitis and pulse wave velocity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Clinical Oral Investigations | Darnaud et al | 2021
Effect of advanced periodontal self-care in patients with early-stage periodontal diseases on endothelial function: an open-label, randomized controlled trial
PLoS ONE | Okada et al | 2021
Inflammation of the Periodontium Associates with Risk of Future Cardiovascular Events
Journal of Periodontology | Van Dyke | 2021
Association between periodontitis and blood pressure highlighted in systemically healthy individuals
Hypertension | Aguilera | 2021
Prevention of Viridans Group Streptococcal Infective Endocarditis: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Circulation | Wilson et al | 2021
Association Between Periodontal Disease and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases: Revisited
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine | Zardawi et al | 2021
Download the study >
Effect of periodontal treatments on blood pressure
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | Luo et al | 2021
Is periodontitis a risk factor for ischaemic stroke, coronary artery disease and subclinical atherosclerosis? A Mendelian randomization study
Atherosclerosis | Bell et al | 2020
The risk of periodontitis for peripheral vascular disease: a systematic review
Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine | Wang et al | 2019
Association of childhood oral infections with cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis in adulthood
JAMA Network Open | Pussinen et al | 2019
Periodontal therapy for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with periodontitis
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | Liu et al | 2019
Causal association between periodontitis and hypertension: evidence from Mendelian randomization and a randomized controlled trial of non-surgical periodontal therapy
European Heart Journal | Czesnikiewicz-Guzik et al | 2019
Periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: Consensus report
Journal of Clinical Periodontology | Sanz et al | 2019
Periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: Consensus report
Journal of Clinical Periodontology | Sanz et al | 2019
Association between periodontitis and peripheral artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders | Yang et al | 2018
Poor Oral Health and Blood Pressure Control Among US Hypertensive Adults: Results From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009 to 2014
Hypertension | Peitropaoli | 2018
Evidence summary: the relationship between oral and cardiovascular disease
British Dental Journal | Dietrich et al | 2017
Oral health status and longitudinal cardiometabolic risk in a national sample of young adults
Journal of the American Dental Association | Oreskovic et al | 2017
Periodontal therapy for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic periodontitis
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | Li et al | 2017
Genetic susceptibility contributing to periodontal and cardiovascular disease
Journal of Dental Research | Aarabi et al | 2017
Impact of periapical abscess on infectious complications in patients undergoing extracorporeal circulation auxiliary to open-heart surgical procedures
Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice | Allareddy et al | 2017
Novel Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction
Journal of Geriatric Cardiology | Wang | 2017
Novel Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction
Journal of Geriatric Cardiology | Wang | 2017
Relation of periodontitis to risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality (from a Danish Nationwide Cohort Study)
American Journal of Cardiology | Hansen et al | 2016
Periodontitis increases the risk of a first myocardial infarction: a report from the PAROKRANK study
Circulation | Rydén et al | 2016
Risk of atrial fibrillation or flutter associated with periodontitis: a nationwide, population-based, cohort study
PLoS ONE | Chen et al | 2016
High-risk periodontal pathogens contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis
Postgraduate Medical Journal | Bale et al | 2016
Increasing Evidence for an Association Between Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Disease
Circulation | Stewart et al | 2016
Effect of Comprehensive Cardiovascular Disease Risk Management on Longitudinal Changes in Carotid Artery Intima-media Thickness in a Community-based Prevention Clinic
Archives of Medical Science | Cheng et al | 2016
Pathological periodontal pockets are associated with raised diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents
BMC Oral Health | Zeigler et al | 2015
Presence of gingivitis and periodontitis significantly increases hospital charges in patients undergoing heart valve surgery
Journal of the Massachusetts Dental Society | Allareddy et al | 2015
Periodontitis and heart disease: Researchers connect the molecular dots
EurekAlert | 2015
Oral infections and cardiovascular disease
CellPress | Kholy et al | 2015
Bacteria and bacterial DNA in atherosclerotic plaque and aneurysmal wall biopsies from patients with and without periodontitis
Journal of Oral Microbiology | Armingohar et al | 2014
Association between periodontal disease and its treatment, flow-mediated dilatation and carotid intima-media thickness: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Atherosclerosis | Orlandi et al | 2014
Effectiveness of periodontal treatment on the improvement of inflammatory markers in children
Archives of Oral Biology | Bresolin et al | 2014
Treatment of periodontitis improves the atherosclerotic profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Journal of Clinical Periodontology | Teeuw et al | 2014
The epidemiological evidence behind the association between periodontitis and incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Journal of Periodontology | Dietrich et al | 2013
Tooth brushing and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: is there an association? The CASPIAN-III study
International Journal of Preventive Medicine | Kelishadi et al | 2013
Bacterial Signatures in Thrombus Aspirates of Patients With Myocardial Infarction
Circulation | Pessi et al | 2013
Changes in Clinical and Microbiological Periodontal Profiles Relate to Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: The Oral Infections and Vascular Disease Epidemiology Study
Journal of the American Heart Association | Desvarieux | 2013
Periodontal disease and atherosclerotic vascular disease: does the evidence support an independent association? A scientific statement from the American Heart Association
Circulation | Lockhart et al | 2012
Effects of periodontal therapy on systemic markers of inflammation in patients with metabolic syndrome: a controlled clinical trial
Journal of Periodontology | López et al | 2012
Non-surgical periodontal therapy reduces coronary heart disease risk markers: a randomized controlled trial
Journal of Clinical Periodontology | Bokhari et al | 2012
Results from the Periodontitis and Vascular Events (PAVE) study: a pilot multicentered, randomized, controlled trial to study effects of periodontal therapy in a secondary prevention model of cardiovascular disease
Journal of Periodontology | Offenbacher et al | 2009
Usefulness of Self-Reported Periodontal Disease to Identify Individuals with Elevated Inflammatory Markers at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
American Journal of Cardiology | Mochari et al | 2008
Streptococcus mutans and cardiovascular diseases
Japanese Dental Science Review | Nakano et al | 2007
Epitope mapping of Porphyromonas gingivalis heat-shock protein and human heat-shock protein in human atherosclerosis
Journal of Dental Research | Choi et al | 2004
Establishment of Porphyromonas gingivalis heat-shock-protein-specific T-cell lines from atherosclerosis patients
Journal of Dental Research | Choi et al | 2002
Lightweight liquid neural networks decipher salivary metabolic fingerprinting for high-risk periodontitis screening in diabetes
npj Digital Medicine | Liu et al | 2026
Oral microbiome dynamics vary across periodontitis severity and type 2 diabetes status
Journal of Oral Microbiology | Mi et al | 2026
From biological evidence to clinical application: A scoping review of oral fluid biomarkers in type 2 diabetic periodontitis
Frontiers in Oral Health | Thomas et al | 2026
Gingival crevicular fluid levels of prolactin in periodontitis patients with controlled versus uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. A controlled clinical trial
Scientific Reports | Eid et al | 2026
Dietary Patterns and Intermittent Fasting as Modulators of the Oral Microbiome and Periodontal Inflammation: A Narrative Review
Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal | Parveen et al | 2026
Successful endodontic treatment improves glucose and lipid metabolism: a longitudinal metabolomic study
Journal of Translational Medicine | Zhang et al | 2025
Root canal treatment could significantly lower blood sugar levels, study suggests
The Gaurdian | Sample | 2025
Borderline HbA1c Levels Among Nondiabetic Patients Associated with Increased Cardiovascular Disease Risk
Epic-Research | Bartelt | 2025
Treatment of periodontitis for glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | Simpson et al | 2022
Preventive dental care is associated with improved healthcare outcomes and reduced costs for Medicaid members with diabetes
Frontiers in Dental Medicine | Lamster | 2022
Oral Healthcare and Primary Healthcare: Stronger Together in Recognizing and Managing Diabetes
American Dental Education Association | Escontrías | 2022
Impact of Treating Oral Disease on Preventing Vascular Diseases: A Model-Based Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Periodontal Treatment Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Diabetes Care | Choi | 2020
Effect of periodontal treatment on diabetes-related healthcare costs
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care | Smits | 2020
Improved oral hygiene is associated with decreased risk of new-onset diabetes
Diabetologia | Chang | 2020
Study links frequent tooth brushing to lower risk of diabetes
EurekAlert | 2020
Benefits of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Journal of Clinical Periodontology | Mauri-Obradors | 2017
Periodontitis as a possible early sign of diabetes mellitus
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care | Teeuw | 2016
Dental Care for Diabetics: Better Health, Cost Savings
Dental Trade Alliance | Jeffcoat | 2013
Effect of Periodontal Disease on Diabetes: Systematic review of epidemiologic observational evidence
Journal of Periodontology | Borgnakke | 2013
Diabetes and Oral Disease: Implications for Health Professionals
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences | Albert | 2012
Periodontal disease and diabetes - A two-way street
Journal of the American Dental Association | Mealey | 2006
Periodontal Disease and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes
Diabetes Care | Saremi | 2005
Association of Periodontal Pathogens and Their Inflammatory Mediators With Alzheimer's Disease Neurodegeneration: A Systematic Review
Cureus | Arriaga et al | 2026
The role of noninfectious comorbidities in the association between severe infections and risk of dementia in Finland: A nationwide registry study
PLOS Medicine | Sipila | 2026
New study links oral health to brain aneurysm risk
Dentistry iQ | Garlo-Melkas | 2025
Microbiome signatures of virulence in the oral-gut-brain axis influence Parkinson's disease and cognitive decline pathophysiology
Gut Microbes | Clasen | 2025
Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Positive Airway Pressure, and Implications of Early Treatment in Parkinson Disease
JAMA Neurology | Neilson | 2025
Combined Influence of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease on Ischemic Stroke Risk
Neurology Open Access | Wood | 2025
The association between periodontitis and cerebrovascular disease, and dementia: scientific report of the working group of the Spanish Society of Periodontology and the Spanish Society of Neurology
Neurología | Leira et al | 2024
Association of periodontitis and gingivitis with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Dental and Medical Problems | Dewan et al | 2024
Association of dental infections with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis
Cerebrovascular Diseases | Sen et al | 2024
(Not) total recall: What dental hygienists need to know about Alzheimer’s disease and its treatment
RDH Magazine | Viola | 2024
Microglial cell response to experimental periodontal disease
Journal of Neuroinflammation | Almarhoumi | 2023
Association between periodontal disease and microstructural brain alterations in the Hamburg City Health Study
Journal of Clinical Periodontology | Mayer et al | 2023
Periodontal disease treatment after stroke or transient ischemic attack: the PREMIERS study, a randomized clinical trial
Stroke | Sen et al | 2023
Periodontitis and stroke: a Mendelian randomization study
Brain and Behavior | Ma et al | 2023
Periodontal health, cognitive decline, and dementia
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | Asher | 2022
Potential mechanisms between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease
Canadian Dental Hygienists Association | Lamphere | 2022
Periodontal dysbiosis associates with reduced CSF Aβ42 in cognitively normal elderly
Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring | Kamer | 2021
Dose-response meta-analysis on tooth loss with the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association | Qi | 2021
Clinical and Bacterial Markers of Periodontitis and Their Association with Incident All-Cause and Alzheimer’s Disease
Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease | Beydoun | 2020
Chronic oral infection: an emerging risk factor of cerebral small vessel disease
Oral Diseases | Aarabi et al | 2019
Porphyromonas gingivalis in Alzheimer’s disease brains
Science Advances | Dominy | 2019
Chronic oral application of a periodontal pathogen results in brain inflammation, neurodengeneration and amyloid beta production in wild type mice
PLOS One | Illievski | 2018
Association between chronic periodontitis and the risk of Alzheimer's disease: a retrospective, population-based, matched-cohort study
Alzheimer's Research and Therapy | Chen et al | 2017
Chronic periodontitis is associated with lacunar infarct: a case-control study
European Journal of Neurology | Leira et al | 2016
Prevalence estimates and outcomes of mental health conditions in those hospitalized due to dental conditions
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology | Allareddy et al | 2014
Periodontal disease and recurrent vascular events in stroke/transient ischemic attack patients
Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases | Sen et al | 2013
The characteristics of hospital emergency department visits made by people with mental health conditions who had dental problems
Journal of the American Dental Association | Nalliah et al | 2013
Association between periodontal disease and stroke
Journal of Vascular Surgery | Sfyoeras | 2012
Hypertension and Cerebrovascular Dysfunction
Cell Metabolism | Iadecola | 2008
Periodontal Disease, Tooth Loss, and Incidence of Ischemic Stroke
American Stroke Association | Joshupura | 2002
Periodontitis and infertility: A critical narrative review with qualitative synthesis and a translational roadmap for preconception periodontal research
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology | Omori et al | 2026
Evaluation of salivary bone turnover markers and vitamin D as non-invasive, early predictive indicators of bone health in pre-, peri-, and post-menopausal women
BMC Women's Health | Mathangi | 2026
Socioeconomic, access-related, and periodontal factors associated with oral health-related quality of life among pregnant women in primary healthcare: a cross-sectional study
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth | Zinezi | 2026
Nutritional Biomarkers, Bone Turnover, and Oxidative DNA Damage in Postmenopausal Women with Periodontitis A Cross-Sectional Study
Nutirients | Sufaru | 2026
Salivary Dynamics, Oral Health, And Dental Caries Risk Across The Female Reproductive Lifespan With Special Emphasis On Menopause
Frontline Journals | Marovic | 2026
Oral health changes during pregnancy and their association with stress and salivary cortisol
BMC Oral Health | Ghanem | 2026
Impact of menopause on clinical periodontal outcomes: a systematic review
Clinical Oral Investigation | Martin | 2026
Oral microflora and pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Scientific Reports | Jang | 2021
Periodontal Pathogens and Preterm Birth: Current Knowledge and Further Interventions
Pathogens | Terzic | 2021
Assessing the Association Between Periodontitis and Premature Birth: A Case-control Study
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth | Uwambaye | 2021
Treating periodontal disease during pregnancy
European Federation of Periodontology | Bobetsis | 2020
Oral hygiene status, gingival status, periodontal status, and treatment needs among pregnant and nonpregnant women: A comparative study
Indian Society of Periodontology | Kashetty et al | 2018
Periodontal Disease and Pregnancy Outcomes: Overview of Systematic Reviews
JDR Clinical & Translational Research | Daalderop | 2018
Role of Maternal Periodontitis in Preterm Birth
Frontiers in Immunology | Ren | 2017
Oral Health in Pregnancy
Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing | Hartnett | 2016
Fusobacterium nucleatum Subspecies Identification by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry
Journal of Clinical Microbiology | Nie | 2015
Fusobacterium Nucleatum: A Commensal-Turned Pathogen
Current Opinion in Microbiology | Han | 2015
Oral Healthcare During Pregnancy and Through the Lifespan
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists | Douglas | 2013
Periodontal Disease: a potential modifiable risk factor limiting conception
Human Reproduction | Hart | 2012
An Examination of Periodontal Treatment, Dental Care, and Pregnancy Outcomes in an Insured Population in the United States
American Journal of Public Health | Albert | 2011
Term Stillbirth Caused by Oral Fusobacterium nucleatum
Obstetrics & Gynecology | Han | 2011
Periodontitis: A risk for delivery of premature labor and low-birth-weight infants
Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine | Saini | 2010
Periodontal Pathogens and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Journal of Dental Research | Dasanayake | 2008
Exploring the relationship between periodontal disease and pregnancy complications
Journal of the American Dental Association | Bobetsis | 2006
Periodontitis is Associated With Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women
The Journal of Periodontology | Contreras | 2006
Periodontal Therapy Reduces the Rate of Preterm Low Birth Weight in Women with Pregnancy-Associated Gingivitis
The Journal of Periodontology | López et al | 2005
Periodontal disease and preterm delivery of low-birth-weight infants
Journal of the Canadian Dental Association | McGaw | 2002
Periodontal Therapy May Reduce the Risk of Preterm Low Birth Weight in Women with Periodontal Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Journal of Periodontology | López et al | 2002
Community periodontal index-based screening findings and healthcare expenditures: A 7-year cohort study
BMC Oral Health | Matsuzaki et al | 2026
Periodontal therapy among patients with cardiovascular disease: exploring its association with lower medical spending
Frontiers in Public Health | Santoro | 2026
The Case for Oral-Systemic Integration: Is Dental Artificial Intelligence the Missing Link?
Compendium | Ghorbanifarajzadeh, Dolan and Chalmers | 2026
Oral Healthcare Can't Wait - Patient
Dental Trade Alliance | 2023
Oral Healthcare Can't Wait - Congress
Dental Trade Alliance | 2023
Oral Healthcare Can't Wait - Business
Dental Trade Alliance | 2023
Association between preventive dental care and healthcare cost for enrollees with diabetes or coronary artery disease: 5-year experience
Compendium | Borah | 2022
Dental Services and Health Outcomes in the New York State Medicaid Program
Journal of Dental Research | Lamster | 2021
Reimbursement Rates for Child and Adult Dental Services in Medicaid by State
American Dental Association | 2021
Time to take gum disease seriously: The societal and economic impact of periodontitis
The Economist Intelligence Unit | 2021
Effect of periodontal treatment on diabetes-related healthcare costs: A retrospective study
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care | Smits | 2020
Clinical Insights Drive Better Outcomes
Cigna | 2019
Obesity and its association with comorbidities and hospital charges among patients hospitalized for dental conditions
Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry | Allareddy et al | 2016
Improved Health and Lower Medical Costs - Why good dental care is important
Cigna | 2016
Economic Costs of Oral Care in the United States in 2014
American Society of Health Economists | Kelekar | 2016
Evaluation of Cost Savings Associated with Periodontal Disease Treatment Benefits
Avalere Health | 2016
Oral Health and the Triple Aim: Evidence and Strategies to Improve Care and Reduce Costs
National Academy for State Health Policy | Andrew Snyder | 2015
Impact of periodontal therapy on general health evidence from insurance data for five systemic conditions
American Journal of Preventive Medicine | Jeffcoat | 2014
Connections Matter: How Integrating Medical and Dental Data Improves Member Health and Lowers Cost for Employers
Aetna | 2013
Hospitalizations primarily attributed to dental conditions in the United States in 2008
Oral Medicine | Allareddy et al | 2012
Oral Bacterium May Promote Breast Cancer Development and Spread
Johns Hopkins Medicine | 2026
Integrating supragingival scaling and biofilm management into breast cancer patients’ care
International Journal of Dental Hygiene | Villafuerte et al | 2026
Oesophageal cancer is associated with distinct oral, faecal, and blood microbiome signatures
Scientific Reports | Lee et al | 2026
Diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of salivary biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A meta-analysis
Cancers | Wijaya et al | 2026
A pro-carcinogenic oral microbe internalized by breast cancer cells promotes mammary tumorigenesis
Cell Communication and Signaling | Parida | 2026
A High-Sensitivity, Bluetooth-Enabled PCB Biosensor for HER2 and CA15-3 Protein Detection in Saliva: A Rapid, Non-Invasive Approach to Breast Cancer Screening
Biosensors | Wan | 2025
Oral Bacterial and Fungal Microbiome and Subsequent Risk for Pancreatic Cancer
JAMA Oncology | Meng | 2025
A distinct Fusobacterium nucleatum clade dominates the colorectal cancer niche
Nature | Zepeda-Rivera | 2024
Human gut, breast, and oral microbiome in breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Frontiers in Oncology | Thu | 2023
Periodontal disease as a risk factor for sporadic colorectal cancer: Results from COLDENT study
Cancer Causes & Control | Janati | 2022
Periodontal Disease, Tooth Loss, and Risk of Serrated Polyps and Conventional Adenomas
American Association for Cancer Research | Lo | 2020
Mediators of Inflammation – A Potential Source of Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Journal of Immunology Research | Tampa | 2018
Salivary Biomarkers in Cancer Detection
Medical Oncology | Wang | 2017
Poor oral health linked with increased risk of infectious complications in adults with leukemia
Journal of the Massachusetts Dental Society | Allareddy et al | 2015
Important impact of gingival and periodontal conditions on outcomes in stem cell transplant recipients
Bone Marrow Transplantation | Allareddy et al | 2015
The effect of chairside chronic disease screenings by oral health professionals on healthcare costs
American Journal of Public Health | Nasseh et al | 2014
The Mouth: The Missing Piece to Overall Wellness and Lower Medical Costs
United Concordia Dental | 2014
Impact of Periodontal Therapy on General Health: Evidence from Insurance Data for Five Systemic Conditions
American Journal of Preventive Medicine | Jeffcoat | 2014
Connections Matter: How Integrating Medical and Dental Data Improves Member Health and Lowers Cost for Employers
Aetna | 2013
United Healthcare Medical Dental Integration Study
United Healthcare | 2013
Variations of Oral Microbiota Are Associated with Pancreatic Disease Including Pancreatic Cancer
Gut | Farrell | 2012
Oral Microbiota and Cancer
Journal of Oral Microbiology | Meurman | 2010
An Examination of Periodontal Treatment and Per Member Per Month Medical Costs in an Insured Population
BMC Health Services Research | Albert et al | 2006
The saliva movement: Methods, modalities, and the new era of salivary insights
RDH Magazine | Turner | 2026
Salivary Biological Responses to Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment in Type 2 Diabetics
JDR Clinical & Translational Research | Ebersole et al | 2026
Salivary And Inflammatory Biomarkers In Periodontitis: Current Evidence And Clinical Applications
Eurasian Journal of Medicine and Oncology | Litsou | 2026
Integration of periodontal pathogens and inflammatory mediators in saliva as biomarkers for periodontitis
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology | Titusson et al | 2026
Polymer-free viscoelastic microfluidics-integrated graphene transistor biosensing of saliva Porphyromonas gingivalis for periodontitis diagnosis
ACS Sensors | Zhao et al | 2026
Diagnostic biomarkers of periodontitis and peri-implantitis: The Past, The Present, The Future
Journal of Periodontal Research | Kinane, Bıyıkoğlu | 2026
MicroRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Odontology | Memon et al | 2026
Comparison of salivary stress biomarkers in patients with and without periodontal diseases: A cross-sectional study
Periodontology | Jabr, Ali | 2026
Salivary biomarkers for early detection of oral diseases: A narrative review of diagnostic technologies and clinical applications with a Su-Field systems analysis
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research | Srilatha | 2026
Ultrasensitive biosensor for near femtogram-level detection of interleukin-1 beta in saliva
ScienceDirect | Liu et al | 2026
Oral and Systemic Diseases: Critical Relationships Between Human Health, Tooth Decay, Periodontal Diseases and Multidisciplinary Care
British Journal of Hospital Medicine | Prosper | 2026
UF research finds a gentler way to treat aggressive gum disease
University of Florida News | Boone | 2026
Localized Periodontitis in Young Individuals: Aggregatibacter JP2 Clone, Immunological Dysfunctions, and Other Stories
Journal of Periodontal Research | Nibali | 2026
Salivary diagnostics expand as a non-invasive disease screening platform
BMC Primary Care | Tarride | 2026
Salivary biomarkers and their diagnostic importance in oral diseases
Archives of Oral Biology | Thangasamy and Sivagnanam | 2026
Biomarker-Guided Implant Maintenance (BGIM): A Narrative Review and Protocol Proposal
Journal of Clinical Medicine | Testori et al | 2026
How reimbursement is holding back patient health and salivary diagnostics
Dentistry iQ | Butkovic | 2026
Tannerella forsythia: The legend of a red-complex queen, part 1
RDH Magazine | Moons | 2026
Rethinking periodontal care: A medical condition with a dental solution
Dental Economics | Obrotka | 2025
The role of salivary metabolomics in chronic periodontitis: Bridging oral and systemic diseases
Metabolomics | Albahri | 2025
Active Matrixmetalloproteinase-8 in Periodontal Diagnosis: A Scoping Review
MDPI | Goyal | 2025
Spit Science: Why Saliva Is A Great Way To Detect Disease
SF Study Finds | The Conversation | 2025
Inflammasome targeting for periodontitis prevention is sex dependent
The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) | Alves et al | 2025
Saliva: The next frontier in cancer detection
Knowable Magazine | Loewy | 2023
Fusobacterium in the microbiome: from health to disease across the oral–gut axis and beyond
Biofilms and Microbiomes | Cafiero | 2021
Predictive Periodontitis: The Most Promising Salivary Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Periodontitis
Journal of Clinical Medicine | Cafiero | 2021
The Potential Impact of Salivary IL-1 on the Diagnosis of Periodontal Disease: A Pilot Study
Healthcare | Kim | 2021
aMMP-8 Point-of-Care/Chairside Oral Fluid Technology as a Rapid, Non-Invasive Tool for Periodontitis and Peri-Implantitis Screening in a Medical Care Setting
Diagnostics | Lähteenmäki | 2020
Prediabetes/Diabetes Can Be Screened at the Dental Office by a Low-Cost and Fast Chair-Side/Point-of-Care aMMP-8 Immunotest
Diagnostics | Grigoriadis | 2019
Novel Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction
Journal of Geriatric Cardiology | Wang | 2017
Interleukin-6 receptor pathways in coronary heart disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 82 studies
The Lancet | Sarwar | 2012
Gingival crevicular fluid MMP-8-concentrations in patients after acute myocardial infarction
Head & Face Medicine | Ehlers | 2011
Periodontitis may worsen systemic bone loss via gut microbiota
Dental Tribune | 2026
Periodontitis-associated bacteria and their connection to proinflammatory biomarkers in periodontal pockets: A clinical microbiological study
Oral Diseases | Werner et al | 2026
Periodontal medicine rewired: Mechanisms linking periodontitis to systemic diseases
Journal of Periodontal Research | Romandini et al | 2026
Oral health, periodontitis, and respiratory diseases: Biological pathways
Journal of Periodontal Research | Vacaru et al | 2026
Impact of periodontal indices and therapeutic interventions on COPD: A systematic review with meta-analysis
BMC Oral Health | Yesi et al | 2026
Association of periodontitis with reduced kidney function and albuminuria in early chronic kidney disease: A population-based study
International Journal of Oral Science | Schmidt-Lauber et al | 2026
Association between tooth loss and kidney function: indirect roles of oxidative stress and systemic inflammation in NHANES 2001–2020
The Saudi Dental Journal | Gong et al | 2026
Periodontal disease and endocrine imbalance: A molecular pathways perspective
Frontiers in Dental Medicine | Martínez-García, Hernández-Lemus | 2026
The mouth as a diagnostic window: Unveiling the systemic implications of oral health
Frontiers in Oral Health | Novaes et al | 2026
Translational potential of oral microbiome-based interventions for oral and systemic health
Journal of Translational Medicine | Li et al | 2026
Periodontal diseases as a public health challenge: Rationale, prevention, equity, and sustainable care—a global call for action
Journal of Periodontal Research | Peres et al | 2026
Study links periodontal disease to autoimmune disease and all-cause mortality
Dental Tribune | 2026
The 2026 State of America’s Oral Health and Wellness Report
Delta Dental | 2026
Mouth bacteria can reach the liver, reinforcing oral-systemic disease pathways
Earth | Davis | 2026
Oral-Systemic Interactions in Modern Healthcare: A Systematic Review of the Interrelationship Between Dental Pathologies and Systemic Diseases
Cureus | Padmavathy et al | 2026
Periodontitis and systemic diseases: insights into the correlation, mechanisms, and clinical implications
Frontiers in Immunology | Wu | 2026
High Frequency Ultrasound Attenuation of Periodontal Soft Tissues for In Vivo Characterization
University of Michigan | Poul | 2026
How will periodontitis impact US adults in 2050? New research from JADA highlights growing national disparity
Dentistry iQ | Butkovic | 2026
For Patients, Shared Medical Records Enable Safer Dental Visits
Epic | 2026
America’s well-being depends on oral health
Washington Post | Kessler | 2025
Report: Public Understanding of Oral-Systemic Health Links Declines, Dental Anxiety Persists
Inside Dentistry | 2025
Collagenase as a molecular link between oral and systemic disease
RDH Magazine | Rice | 2025
Rethinking periodontal care: A medical condition with a dental solution
Dental Economics | Obrotka | 2025
The Medical-Dental Divide Is Harming Your Patients
Medscape | Schwerdt | 2025
The root of the matter: Linking oral health to chronic diseases prevention
International Journal of Cardiology | D’Aiuto | 2025
Exploring the bi-directional relationship between periodontitis and dyslipidemia: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis
BMC Oral Health | Ma et al | 2024
The dangers of high fibrinogen levels
RDH Magazine | Rice | 2022
Read more >
Burden of Chronic Diseases Associated with Periodontal Diseases: A retrospective cohort study using UK Primary Care Data
BMJ Open | Zemedikun | 2021
Oral health and all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory mortality in older people in the UK and USA
Scientific Reports | Kotronia et al | 2021
Time to take gum disease seriously: The societal and economic impact of periodontitis
The Economist Intelligence Unit | 2021
Oral Health In America: Advances and Challenges (2021)
National Institutes of Health | 2021
Local and systemic mechanisms linking periodontal disease and inflammatory comorbidities
Nature Reviews Immunology | Hajishengallis et al | 2021
Childhood oral infections associate with adulthood metabolic syndrome: a longitudinal cohort study
Journal of Dental Research | Pussinen et al | 2020
Periodontal and chronic kidney disease association: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Nephrology | Kapellas et al | 2019
Porphyromonas gingivalis, Periodontal and Systemic Implications: A Systematic Review
Dentistry Journal | Fiorillo | 2019
Current Knowledge on Correlations Between Highly Prevalent Dental Conditions and Chronic Diseases: An Umbrella Review
Preventing Chronic Disease | Seitz | 2019
Association between periodontal pathogens and systemic disease
Biomedical Journal | Bui | 2018
The ADA Practical Guide to Patients with Medical Conditions
American Dental Association | Patton | 2012
Oral Health: The Silent Epidemic (2010)
Public Health Reports | 2010
Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General (2000)
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services | 2000
Help shape the future of healthcare.
We’re advancing integrated care and building new ways to improve patient health.
3521 Volunteer Boulevard
Henderson, NV 89044
©2026 PDS Health. All Rights Reserved.